As artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are increasingly integrated into healthcare settings, critical questions arise about how health professionals engage with AI clinical tools and how these tools influence diagnosis and treatment decisions. This internship project, which is part of a broader research project examining legal and regulatory frameworks governing liability in the use of AI clinical tools, will explore the real-world practices surrounding the development and use of AI clinical tools in patient care, focusing on the impact these tools have on clinical decision-making.
Using a case study approach, this project incorporates direct observation of clinical environments with semi-structured interviews of health professionals involved in AI development and use. It applies a legal analysis lens to assess how accountability, risk, and professional responsibility are navigated in clinical environments where AI clinical tools are used.
This study has two key aims. First, by empirical fieldwork and regulatory analysis, it contributes to an understanding of professional responsibility, risk management, and autonomy in the context of AI-supported healthcare. Secondly, it offers critical insights into the effectiveness and limitations of the current liability framework when harm arises in association with the use of such tools.
Adopting a case study approach, the project combines direct observation of clinical settings with semi-structured interviews with healthcare professionals involved in AI development and application. Findings will inform policy and institutional recommendations for the responsible integration of AI in clinical care while ensuring that clinical judgment remains central to patient outcomes.